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Quell is wearable device developed in purpose to provide palliative treatment for people suffering from chronical pain. Quell is commercially available, thus customers don't need any prescription from a doctor. In present, it is the only palliative wearable, which is approved by FDA to be used during sleep. Quell wearable is presented by two technological improvements, which is OptiTherapy™ electrode and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), method allowing sending electrical pulses into afferent nerves through the skin. The technologie of TENS is not new, but it was developed on knowledge about possibility to heal with electricity, which was described already in 18th century.<refname="johnson14">Johnson, Mark I., Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS): Research to support clinical practice, Oxford University Press, 2014, p. 272</ref> Quell device was constructed in the beginning of 21th century, on the basis of knowledge about TENS.<ref>Science Behind Quell™ Wearable Pain Relief Technology for Treatment of Chronic Pain: https://www.quellrelief.com/files/science-behind-quell.pdf, (Retrieved Dec 15, 2015)</ref> its technology, marketing strategies and usefulness, regarding human enhancement and therapy.
For easier control it is possible to download Quell application for iOS<ref>Quell relief application available to download: https://itunes.apple.com/app/quell-relief/id972079954</ref> or Android<ref>Quell relief application available to download on GooglePlay: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.neurometrix.quell</ref>. Company offers also [https://www.quellrelief.com/quell-user registration] of individual user's device, which will allow company databasis to collect measured data about user and treatment process (this registration is optional, though).
Mechanism of the treatment lies in the following process: in electrode that stimulates clusters of afferent senzoric nerves and this triggers inhibition of pain in brainstem. Inhibition comes up due to cascade neurotransmitter release. This descending process starts in periaqueductal gray matter, continuing to medulla and then into spinal cord (its dorsal horn).<ref>Introducing Quell™, a 100% drug free technology proven to fight pain: https://www.quellrelief.com/files/Quell%20HCP%201%20page%20(3).pdf</ref> Within-body-produced opioids, enkephalins, causes inhibition of pain signal transmission, while activate δ-opioid receptors. The described process is the core of reason why it is cleared as 100% drug free. More detailed description regarding TENS technology (not Quell in particular) is available in Johnson's book Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation.<ref>Johnson, Mark I., Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS): Research to support clinical practice, Oxford University Press, 2014, p. 272<name="johnson14" /ref>
Company also claims, that Quell is as twice stronger as previous TENS pain relieving products, thus it doesn't have to be used locally, but only on an upper calf.<ref>NeuroMetrix Investor statement: http://investor.neurometrix.com/releasedetail.cfm?releaseid=923300, December 15, 2015</ref>
