Changes

The RNS System is medical device to treat epilepsy. It is not designed for enhancing human capabilities, although it was demonstrated, that the RNS System has no adverse cognitive effect in epileptics. <ref name="BusinessWirePositiveEffects">NeuroPace RNS® System Associated with Positive Effects In Memory and Language for People Living with Partial Onset Epilepsy. Business Wire: A Berkshire Hathaway Company [online]. 2015, Oct 20. Available online at: http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20151020005454/en/NeuroPace-RNS%C2%AE-System-Positive-Effects-Memory-Language (Retrieved 4.11.2016)</ref> In several cases it come to some improvements in the cognitive capabilities. Although these findings are inconclusive for they result from very various data.<ref name="AES_ResponsiveNeurostimulation_and_Cognition">SPENCER, D. Responsive Neurostimulation and Cognition. Epilepsy Currents [online]. 2016, March-April, Vol. 16, No. 2, pp. 98-100. Available online at: http://www.epilepsycurrents.org/doi/full/10.5698/1535-7511-16.2.98 (Retrieved 4.11.2016)</ref> A possible explanation of the alleged cognitive enhancement may rest in reduced seizures. But this is not enhancement of the sort, but rather "side effect" of the successful treatment of epilepsy.

'''Epilepsy'''

'''Treatment'''

There are several possible scenarios with regard to the treatment of epilepsy. Epilepsy might be treated with medications (for example, Carbamezepine, Diazepam, Lorazepam, Topiramate etc.), diet (a hight-fat, very low carbonhydrate ketogenic diet), surgery (only if focal seizures persist after at least two medications or if it is identifiable brain lesions) or devices just like the RNS System. There are some different possible devices to treat the epilepsy, for instance, the Vagus nerve stimulator (approved by the FDA in 1997) or the experimental devices not approved by the FDA: the trigeminal nerve stimulation or the transcutaneous magnetic stimulation.<ref name="NIH_The_Epilepsies_and_Seizures"/>